Kashmir Conflict :: essays research papers

Pakistan censured India on Tuesday for keeping Kashmir dissenter pioneer and Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front boss Yasin Malik and required the arrival of all imprisoned Kashmiri separatists. Malik, an official individual from the dissenter All-Parties Hurriyat Conference, was confined by police on Monday under enemy of psychological oppression law Poto after they captured a lady conveying $100,000 for his gathering. A Pakistan remote service explanation, cited by the authority APP news organization, called the energize bested and said the move mirrored India's "disregard for the crucial rights and freedoms of Kashmiris" and disappointment at neglecting to smother their battle. Police terminated teargas in Srinagar on Tuesday to scatter many demonstrators challenging Malik's capture. The Pakistani explanation encouraged India to "end its repression" in Kashmir, discharge imprisoned Kashmiri separatists and resume gridlocked converses with Pakistan over Kashmir. an advancement following the introduction of fudging of the DNA tests of those killed at Pathribal in Anantnag, specialists from Hyderabad and Kolkata research centers came to here on Monday to gather new blood tests of the family members of the people in question. A four-part group of criminological specialists, two each from Hyderabad and Kolkata, showed up here alongside auditor general of police Jammu P.L. Gupta. Tending to a public interview in Kabul on his first visit to Afghanistan, Musharraf precluded joint tasks with US troops to flush out psychological oppressors covering up in Pakistan. Musharraf was alluding to ongoing assaults in Lahore and Faislabad in the Punjab area, which prompted the capture of about sixty fear based oppressors. Abu Zubaida, a top Al Qaeda official, is suspected to be among those confined. The Pakistani president introduced a check of $10 million in help to Afghanistan's between time pioneer Hamid Karzai. Responding to reports that the Center keeps on keeping down entryway interviews with Hurriyat pioneers, Jammu and Kashmir Chief Minister Farooq Abdullah on Tuesday mockingly exhorted the focal government to keep 'spoiling' Hurriyat Conference pioneers. Kashmir Conflict :: articles research papers Pakistan denounced India on Tuesday for confining Kashmir dissident pioneer and Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front boss Yasin Malik and required the arrival of all imprisoned Kashmiri separatists. Malik, an official individual from the rebel All-Parties Hurriyat Conference, was kept by police on Monday under enemy of fear based oppression law Poto after they captured a lady conveying $100,000 for his gathering. A Pakistan outside service articulation, cited by the authority APP news office, called the energize bested and said the move mirrored India's "disregard for the basic rights and freedoms of Kashmiris" and disappointment at neglecting to smother their battle. Police terminated teargas in Srinagar on Tuesday to scatter many demonstrators challenging Malik's capture. The Pakistani articulation asked India to "end its repression" in Kashmir, discharge imprisoned Kashmiri separatists and resume gridlocked chats with Pakistan over Kashmir. an improvement following the introduction of fudging of the DNA tests of those killed at Pathribal in Anantnag, specialists from Hyderabad and Kolkata labs came to here on Monday to gather new blood tests of the family members of the people in question. A four-part group of legal specialists, two each from Hyderabad and Kolkata, showed up here alongside controller general of police Jammu P.L. Gupta. Tending to a question and answer session in Kabul on his first visit to Afghanistan, Musharraf precluded joint tasks with US troops to flush out fear based oppressors stowing away in Pakistan. Musharraf was alluding to ongoing assaults in Lahore and Faislabad in the Punjab area, which prompted the capture of about sixty fear based oppressors. Abu Zubaida, a top Al Qaeda official, is suspected to be among those confined. The Pakistani president introduced a check of $10 million in help to Afghanistan's break head Hamid Karzai. Responding to reports that the Center keeps on keeping down entryway interviews with Hurriyat pioneers, Jammu and Kashmir Chief Minister Farooq Abdullah on Tuesday wryly prompted the focal government to keep 'spoiling' Hurriyat Conference pioneers.

Miscarriages of Justice Free Essays

â€Å"It’s a general issue not explicit to the law of the United Kingdom a criminal equity framework described by an accentuation on wrongdoing control as opposed to fair treatment will unavoidably deliver premature delivery of equity. † In a fictional universe the law would consistently give the right outcomes yet in a genuine world it’s the other way. When they don’t what direction do they will in general fail? What direction would we like to blunder? We need the law to decide in favor of vindicating blameworthy individuals instead of indicting ones. We will compose a custom paper test on Premature deliveries of Justice or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now It is commonly acknowledged that the cost of a reasonable Criminal Justice System will be exoneration on a detail of the individuals who have perpetrated criminal offenses or on account of a disappointment of proof, where as conviction of the honest is rarely satisfactory and should it emerge quick measures ought to be taken to correct the bad form. The criminal law must be implemented proficiently by the offices to police the criminal law. There are two fundamental qualities that impact the criminal Justice System, the wrongdoing control model which centers to liberate society from wrongdoing and the fair treatment model which centers around singular freedoms to be ensured. The wrongdoing control model guarantees that an edified society can shield the entirety of its residents from exploitation by hoodlums. Be that as it may, regardless of whether this has happened is faulty on the grounds that when the Criminal Justice System is tilted more towards wrongdoing control there is an opportunity of an honest individual being sentenced for a wrongdoing he never perpetrated along these lines framing a premature delivery of equity. As of late nations like United Kingdom, America, Canada and Ireland have tilted more towards wrongdoing control mostly in view of the fear based oppressor assaults that shook those countries. Additionally the racial mentality in the police and furthermore in the general public has driven the wrongdoing control to be brutal on the general public. The unsuccessful labors that happen perhaps because of oppressive police rehearses, it might be because of awkward logical proof or the over-dependence of the court on master declaration. Where botches, made by the individuals who include power inside the procedure so this force when manhandled can have basic outcomes. The insurance of honest stays major to the procedure of equity and for some the sole reason, it ought not be total as per Ashworth (1998). The quittance of liable people can likewise be viewed as an unsuccessful labor of equity. The procedure of equity is one set apart by the utilization of organization and individual carefulness, most outstandingly by the police. Both the fair treatment and wrongdoing control models take into account that tact, in spite of the fact that the previous seeks administrative methods for diminishing its utilization and impact. The wrongdoing control model depends on assumption of blame, the acknowledgment that casualties ought to have a bigger number of rights than the charged, conviction that jail and other discipline must be upsetting so as to work, conviction that sentences must be long to ensure people in general and conviction that maintaining control on the road is a higher priority than adhering to the apparent aim of the law. The wrongdoing control model is tied in with centering the motivation behind the Criminal Justice Process on the requests of most of residents who are well behaved. It appears to be evident that the present Criminal Justice Process was intended for the much lower level of wrongdoing that existed previously and is excessively bureaucratic, tedious and wasteful to manage the sheer volume of wrongdoing that currently exists. This framework requests an elevated level of casual reality finding, the case is managed outside of the conventional court setting however much as could be expected. The model appropriately expect that wrongdoers â€Å"rights are less significant than casualty rights and equity is for most of honest residents not for the minority of recurrent guilty parties. This model of equity acknowledges that there will be a couple of variant situations where the honest are indicted, however this is defended by the idea that wrongdoing control overwhelmingly accomplishes more noteworthy's benefit for the lion's share. At the worldwide level unnatural birth cycle of equity is the subject of standards yet its importance is uncertain. Ruler Phillip and Brown assume ‘the man on the road would characterize ‘miscarriage of justice’ as the conviction of the honest. It was expressed in the Court of Appeal instance of Exp. Bateman(1994) that man may characterize the term all the more comprehensively, to incorporate those sentenced when they ought not have been. In nations the policing the law we see that more force has been vested in the police which is one explanation behind the wrongdoing control model to cause premature deliveries of equity. Uncommonly in America after the 9/11 psychological oppressor assault the administration has accepted measures to forestall violations however much as could be expected. The 9/11 assault affected the administration as well as impact the general public to take a gander at individuals an a dubious way. For instance after the 9/11 assault a muslim individual, with his facial hair and his clothing regulation, strolls in the road with a sack on his hand or back, individuals take a gander at him as though he is a fear monger with a bomb. This perspective on society should change for it is society that subjects the police and the legislature to undue weight. In 2005 the fear monger assault in London (7/7) murdered 56 individuals and 700 were harmed. This was the biggest and deadliest psychological oppressor assault in London ever. Plainly law authorization offices powers have increments with the resolutions that have been executed. The Terrorist Act 200 made a capacity to do cover stop and searches. The Anti-Terrorism Crime and Security Act 2001 presented new powers for the Treasury to freeze fear based oppressor assets and control arranges on psychological oppressor suspects can be forced under the Terrorism Act 2005. The Terrorist Act 2006 enables police to confine fear monger suspects as long as 28 days. The demonstrations gave the police controls as well as it generally helped them abuse it. The Police Reform Act 202 enhancements existing police powers which follow the built up pattern towards expanding forces of law authorization organizations and weakening the protections for the suspect. The ‘war on terror’ is currently a typical component of wrongdoing counteraction and recognition in United Kingdom. Police seem to visit the avenues in far more prominent numbers than they did preceding 9/11 and 7/7 assaults. Progressively over yonder is an issue with regards to an ethnic minority in the law requirement organizations. Nearby people group, where those being policed have felt for certain years that forces controlled by the police have gotten excessively nosy and are being utilized in a prejudicial manner to target specific gatherings inside the network. Research has demonstrated that that Black and Asian individuals are bound to be halted under the arrangements of the Terrorism Act 2000 than white individuals. At the point when police powers are expanded for the insurance of residents from fear monger assault they should be utilized much more cautiously to guarantee that residents don't get as helpless against the police as they do to the psychological militant assault. Anyway expanded forces of policing possibly important to contain the danger of dread and to guarantee national security is kept up. Late cases have indicated that where police and different organizations have committed an error or has been abused their forces there has been a premature delivery of equity. In Dabilola Taylor’s case it was seen how absence of strategies and abilities with respect to the examining officials brought about bringing to equity who executed Dabilola. In Stephen Lawrence case it was demonstrated that there was bigotry in the police power. In Confait it was uncovered that the conviction dependent on admission had been made dependent upon mistreatment. Jean Charles de Menezes was shot by the Metropolitan Police military who accepted he was a fear based oppressor however later discovered he was definitely not. In addition the progressions that include been occurred inside the resolutions additionally may cause an unsuccessful labor of equity. In Sam Hallam’s case the witness’s proof was not conflicting with the previous proof. The long standing guideline at precedent-based law was that where a witness’s declaration in court was conflicting with a past articulation, it couldn't be treated as proof concerning reality of its substance. Juries couldn't assess the substance of such explanations in arriving at their decision. This standard was changed by area 119 of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 which currently permits past conflicting articulations to be conceded in proof. Changes and proposals have been executed to lessen the pace of wrongdoing and not let an honest individual be liable of a wrongdoing he never dedicated. The Criminal Procedure and Investigations Act 1996 came into power The CCRC is accused of evaluating feelings and sentences alluding them to the suitable court in the event that it finds a â€Å"real possibility† that the court will pass judgment on a conviction perilous or a sentence over the top. The CCRC covers England Wales and Northern Ireland and get very nearly 1000 new applications every year. One could state that the usage of the CCRC has been a major effect since it gives the best possible outcome. The CCRC first survey was that of Derek Bentley where the Court of Appeal suppressed the conviction risky, which was a triumph for the commission yet not for Derek Bentley, who was hung route in 1953. The commissions do create great outcome however the truth of the matter is that it requires some investment to convey the merchandise. Numerous changes have been executed as of late have dispensed with or altogether diminished the quantity of unjust feelings emerging because of or allowed in view of careless techniques, quite Police and Criminal Evidence Act and the guidelines on the divulgence of proof by the Crown. As per Roskill report wrongdoing control procedures will in general worry towards The English System has been charactarised here and there by the move from wrongdoing control to fair treatment throughout the last 15-20 years. It is prominent that the general public needs to be liberated from wrongdoing and furthermore they

The Psychology and Methods of Learning

The Psychology and Methods of Learning Theories Cognitive Psychology Print Understanding the Psychology of Learning The Psychology of How We Learn By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on May 07, 2019 Hero Images / Getty Images More in Theories Cognitive Psychology Behavioral Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology From the day we are born, we begin a process of learning that lasts throughout life. While there are many ways to define and describe learning, it is typically defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior as a result of experience. Lets explore several different theories of learning. The Power of Associations Youve probably heard of Pavlovs dogs at some point, but many people dont fully understand exactly what this famous research illustrates. Classical conditioning is one of the best-known concepts of behavioral learning theory. In order to understand how people learn, you first need to start by discovering the powerful role that associations can play in the learning process. Discover  more about this process in this introduction to classical conditioning. Classical Conditioning Basics Now that you understand how classical conditioning works, it is also important to understand some of the basic phenomena that also occur during this process. Learn more about acquisition, extinction, and discrimination in this overview of principles of classical conditioning. The Consequences of Behavior Clearly, learning involves a lot more than just learning associations. Direct experience with your environment that results in desirable outcomes or negative outcomes can also shape how and what people learn. Operant conditioning is one of the fundamental concepts in behavioral psychology. This type of learning involves using reinforcement and punishment to either increase or decrease behaviors. Learn more about the effects of rewards and punishments on behavior in this overview of operant conditioning. How Timing Impacts Learning The types of reinforcement use are important, but timing also plays a critical role in how quickly new behaviors are acquired and how strong these new responses are. If you are rewarded for an action so long after it occurred that you are unable to form an association between the two events, for example, then it is unlikely that learning will occur. Learn more about how the timing of reinforcement impacts the speed and strength of responses in this article on schedules of reinforcement. Classical Versus Operant Conditioning Now that weve explored classical conditioning and operant conditioning, do you think you could immediately identify which is which? This can often be a confusing area for many students, but a few basic pointers can help you keep the two processes straight. In a classroom setting, chances are good that your instructor will provide some examples of learning and expect you to identify which type of conditioning is used. Read the following article to learn more about the major differences between classical and operant conditioning. Learning Through Observation You  may have already guessed, but learning does not necessarily require that we personally experience an event or outcome. In some cases, simply watching other people can lead to learning. Psychologist Albert Bandura proposed social learning theory, which emphasizes the importance of observational learning. As you can imagine, a great deal of learning takes place simply by watching the people around us. Learn more about the basic concepts and how the process works by diving into observational learning theory. How Does Observational Learning Actually Work?

Jean-Jacques Rousseau Influence on the Declaration of...

The Declaration of Independence is the foundation of America. It contains â€Å"the words that made America,† (Fink, 9). Five of the founding fathers got together and penned this important document. As they penned this document, they were inspired by a number of European philosophers and writers. One of these philosophers was Jean-Jacques Rousseau. â€Å"Jean-Jacques Rousseau played a significant role in three different revolutions: in politics, his work inspired and shaped revolutionary sentiment in the American colonies and France; in philosophy, he proposed radically unsettling ideas about human nature, justice, and progress that disrupted the dominant Enlightenment thinking of the moment and helped to spark the Romantic movement; and in†¦show more content†¦The United States of America was established in the Enlightenment period. No other country has the imprint of this period like the United States. â€Å"The contributions of men like Alexander Hamilton, John Adams, and Thomas Jefferson to the founding and development of America and its ideals are inconceivable outside of an Enlightenment context,† (Staloff, 3). The ideals of liberty and equality echos the language of the Enlightenment and conveys the most intense thoughts about the political life and the rights of mankind. It was through this Enlightenment that they wrote the Declaration of Independence and founded the United States of America. Thomas Jefferson was a young delegate to the Continental Congress. He was often consider lively and vivacious among his friends, but in public, he was often soft-spoken and shy. Despite the fact that Jefferson was a quiet man, he was a scholar and skillful writer. This quiet young man was asked by John Adams to write â€Å"the first draft of the statement we know today as the Declaration of Independence—a tough job, since the writer would have to come up with a document that all thirteen colonies could accept,† (Freedman, 62). It has been said that Jefferson tried to get out of writing the first draft. Jefferson thought that Adams should be the one to write it, but Adams refused to give in to Jefferson’sShow MoreRelatedJefferson and Rousseau Influences786 Words   |  4 PagesInfluences Thomas Jefferson considers himself a contributor to the Age of Enlightenment. Through many of his writings he expands on the philosophies of the great European writers of that era - Rousseau, Locke, Hume, and Leibniz. In â€Å"The Declaration of Independence,† Jefferson directly adopts several themes found in the work of French writer Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Rousseau’s â€Å"The Origin of Civil Society,† provides a foundation for most of Jefferson’s ideas in â€Å"The Declaration of Independence.†Read MoreThe Influence Of The American Revolution And The Enlightenment799 Words   |  4 PagesNeither the United States Constitution, nor the Declaration of Independence, were written in an ideological vacuum. Rather, the ideas expressed by the various philosophers during the century and leading up to the American Revolution had tremendous influence over the Founders of the United States. These ideas came together in the creation of the U.S. constitution, working in tandem to lay the foundation for the way the government should be structured, as well as the core philosophy behind the countryRead MoreEnlightenment : The Age Of Enlightenment And The Enlightenment782 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelopment of the United States Government. The Declaration of Independence, Constitution Bill of rights and The Federalist Papers were all influenced by important enlightenment ideas of freedom, unavailable rights, and government. Declaration of Independence ideas such as life liberty and property, unavailable rights and inequality were all inspired by John Locke, Thomas Hobbes and, Rousseau ideas.   Thomas Jefferson (writer of the Declaration of Independence) was directly influenced by locke when heRead MoreThe Intellectual Movement of Elightment759 Words   |  3 Pagessystem that limited the power of a king and liked the idea of a government broken into different sections and that each should have some power to control the others. Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed that individuals should have certain rights and just like Locke’s ideology, he believed people were good, but were corrupted by society. Rousseau also believed that no government ruled by force was good. Voltaire believed in freedom of thought and respect for all individuals just like the most of major enlightenmentRead MoreJean Jacques Rousseau s Work Essay941 Words   |  4 PagesSeptember 2015 Jean-Jacques Rousseau Jean-Jacques Rousseau was born in Geneva on June 28th, 1712. Those who were present had no clue that this child’s life would serve as a catalyst for philosophical and political reform. Rousseau’s writings had so much influence in the 18th century that he â€Å"played a significant role in three different revolutions† (52). In fact his work leaves a legacy so large that you can trace almost all modern revolutions back to his writings. In 1749 Rousseau competed forRead MoreLord Of The Flies Character Analysis Essay1414 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom the Declaration of Independence brought forth notion that of all of humanity is to be acknowledged as equal and are guaranteed rights of life which are to be upheld by the society in which they are apart of. A similar philosophy, along with others, is represented as characters in William Goldings novel Lord of the Flies. Jack, Ralph, and Piggy are three characters created by Golding to investigate the different principles brought forth by philosophers Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-JacquesRead MoreImpact Of Enlightenment On The French Revolution878 Words   |  4 PagesLocke and Rousseau later took up. Locke was a tremendously important political philosopher during the Enlightenment. Many of his ideas and principles were studied and adopted by the founders of America and are evident in documents like the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. Locke emphasized the natural freedom of human beings, the equality of all before God, natural law, and government by consent of the governed; and he justified the overthrow of government when it fails. Jean-JacquesRead MoreThe Theories And Beliefs Of The Enlightenment Era1168 Words   |  5 Pagesthis was based on the scientific and technological achievements. However, Rousseau claimed the development of civilization corrupted the natural goodness of humans. The beliefs during the age of Enlightenment were presented that we are creatures with the ability to reason and human nature is essentially good, contributing many ideas. Each Philosopher of the Enlightenment Period with very different works; Diderot, Rousseau, and Voltaire lar gely impacted and influenced the world from the EnlightenmentRead MoreThe French Revolution Vs. Bourgeois Revolution1734 Words   |  7 Pageslongstanding political instability, insurmountable economic debt and disorganization, crop shortage, little ice age, the decrease in food prices, the uncompromising nobility, aristocratic revolution, the new conquering Enlightenment ideologies especially Rousseau, and the surplus of the unsatisfied bourgeois under a weak and indecisive King. In the year 1789, the old ‘ancien regime’ snapped. The French Revolution began and continued for the next twenty-six years. Needless to say, the ideas created and perpetuatedRead MoreImpact Of The Enlightenment On Modern Political Thought1841 Words   |  8 Pagesdictator† (â€Å"Absolutism†), under King Louis XIV but ended up changing to a form of democracy (A.J. Geant). Once the French Revolution, in which the Third Estate was kicked out of the Estates General and then made Th e Tennis Court Oath and later the Declaration of the Rights of Man,  broke out due to weak leadership, France switched to a limited monarchy and democratic government. Louis XVI accepted a position as constitutional monarch, and in 1789, the National Assembly called him the â€Å"restorer of French

Use of Psychology in Fashion Essay - 732 Words

Robert E Reyes The Use of Psychology in Fashion Design Psychology plays a major role in every professional creative field. The art of fashion design is not an exception. Fashion uses psychology in many different ways, from getting customers to purchase clothing, to self-expression in the clothing, to analyzing psychographics in a population to identify a potential target market. First impressions are made largely on how a person’s attire looks, through use of color, fit, and design. Emotions and moods can be evoked through fit and color on a person’s body. All these effects on the human brain and psyche are taken into great consideration when designing garments. Psychographics are used to classify people into like-minded groups.†¦show more content†¦These moods and emotions affect the brain and behavior of the onlooker, causing them to either want or reject the item. Just like personal tastes in art, the consumer uses art as a form of expression and personal taste, hinting to others elements of their personality. As stated before, psychology is a form of self-expression, and a form of visual communication. The way one dresses may put one in a fashion subcategory. These subcategories are thought of as a whole and are subject to judgment and discrimination of sorts. For example, a person with many tattoos and a vintage style of clothing may be viewed as a â€Å"hipster†, and hence the viewer may assume many things of the individual. The fit of garments say many things about oneself. Made-to-fit clothing on men in the business world is more respectable than non-tailored clothes. With women, skirt suits create the balance between attractiveness and masculinity in order to appear respectable, much more than the overly aggressive pant suit. One may see the effect of clothing when one researches on how to dress for an interview in order to make an impression upon the hiring manager. Clothes are the way people express themselves in Western culture wit hout the use of words. One can tell many things about a person based upon the way they are dressed. While many things may be erroneous when judging someone by the way theyShow MoreRelatedThe Need For Total Elimination Is Unjustified1122 Words   |  5 PagesPaul Churchland argues for the total elimination as opposed to smooth reduction of folk psychology with materialistic sciences to replace it in â€Å"Eliminative Materialism and The Propositional Attitudes,† on grounds that folk psychology is a theory that is primarily flawed due to a severe lack of explanatory power. Additionally has a bad historical trend of retreat and lack of progress, and does not fit well with prominent physical sciences. I will explain his argument in this paper, evaluate it forRead MoreEthics in Psychology: A Reflection975 Words   |  4 PagesEthics in psychology: Reflection Introduction The study of psychology frequently deals with intimate, personal issues of clients and research subjects, which is why strict guidelines exist regarding the ethical use of private data. Early on in a psychology students career, he or she is urged to abide by specific guidelines governing his or her behavior to ensure that he or she acts in an ethical manner. A student that has a lax attitude about cutting and pasting words from the web will later haveRead MoreEffect of Brand Image on Consumer Purchasing Behaviour on Clothing:1579 Words   |  7 PagesMason: Thomson. Blumer, H. (1956). Sociological analysis and the variable . American Sociological Review, 21 633-660. Breakwell, G. M. (2006). Interviewing methods. In G. M. Breakwell, S. Hammond, C. Fife-Schaw, J. A. Smith Research methods in psychology (pp. 232-253). London: SAGE Publications Ltd. Business Week. (2005). Reebox and Adidas: A good fit. Retrieved July 8, 2007 from http://www.businessweek.com/bwdaily/dnflash/aug2005/nf2005084_8340.htm Business Week. (2007). The 100 top brandsRead MoreReality Vs. Fantasy : Today s Modern World1459 Words   |  6 PagesFantasy In today’s modern world, our mindsets in fashion are all based on fantasy: new brands, trends and many more. We all live in a society whereby we tend to buy things that are attractive and very unique within our culture. Even though we don’t have enough money for such expensive items such as clothes and many other materialistic things, borrowing or lending money from others would still be worthwhile due to the desirability of the product. In fashion, a question came to mind, what type of peopleRead MoreColor symmetry Essay884 Words   |  4 Pagesof colors in marketing? I am taking the principle of marketing class now, as we strive to make improvements to our product Earthgrains, studying this phenomenon is key. Let us dig into some of the latest, more interesting research on it. How can we use colors to increase brand recognition and drive purchasing? Before we figure out this, we should know which color triggers which feeling of us. Color is a form of non-verbal communication and is very important in our daily life. However not everyone’sRead MoreFashion Reflection Paper906 Words   |  4 PagesI have always had a strong interest in fashion, but this course made me feel more knowledgeable and prepared to work in the fashion industry. This class has made me feel more confident in choosing to work in the fashion industry as a career path. I learned so many things that can be applied in my future career and for that I am very thankful. I am also more aware of how much the fast fashion industry contributes to pollution and I want to make an effort to be more sustainable. This class gaveRead MoreBeyond the No.5: The life of the legend Coco Essay1605 Words   |  7 Pagesdidn’t simply make her fantasies come alive. This woman single handedly r evolutionized and transmuted the fashion industry. Epitomizing her own words, â€Å"In order to be irreplaceable one must be different†, Chanel eradicated her opponents with her bold and unique ideas. From modest beginnings to affluent ends, it’s undeniable that fashion icon Coco Chanel has fabricated the very principles of our Fashion Industry today and created an everlasting legacy for eras to come. In the quaint countryside of SaumurRead MoreWhy Psychology Is Important1045 Words   |  5 PagesWhy Psychology is Important Psychology is the study of the human mind and any of its functions. It also includes the behavior resulting from any changes in our environment. Psychology is very important to mankind in that it is important in understanding the world we live in. Psychology helps us and allows us to better understand the emotional and behavioral effects of our surroundings. According to Taylor (1988), many prominent researchers believe a healthy mental outlook on the world and whatRead MorePsychological Analysis On Human Behavior913 Words   |  4 Pagespredict group trends, even when such does not apply to individual cases. A final obstacle that sometimes impedes the correct interpretation of scientific psychological predictions of human behavior is the probability of chance. The role of chance in psychology is often misunderstood. A degree of chance and coincidence play a role in the accuracy of predictions, and for this reason, individual predictions about human behavior are therefore impossible. Therefore it should be strongly affirmed that, â€Å"[c]linicalRead MoreJean Piaget: Theory of Cognitive Development Essay1652 Words   |  7 Pagesof psychology. Jean Piaget was one who made a contribution with his theories on the cognitive development stages. Cognitive development is the process of acquiring intelligence and increasingly advanced thought and problem-solving ability from infancy to adulthood. Piaget states that the mind of a child develops through set stages to adulthood (Famous Biographies TV Shows - Biography.com). The theory of cognitive development has made a significant impact throu ghout the history of psychology, and

The Articles Of Confederation And The Constitution

Although, the war was won and there were lots of flaws in the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution started shaping the laws and government in the nation. Democracy was something that may be hard for the people to handle according to Alexander Hamilton of New York, and it would also make them confused by the challenges of running the nation. The nation was on the European economic system which it had trouble and struggled. The people got married, raised families, bought slaves, they moved west and built new homes while daily life was going on. In the 1790 s the Politian s was faced with a lot of questions such as could the leaders pulled the nation together and was the independence temporary? They all preached liberty and equality, but they went to great lengths to safeguard both slavery and taking control of Native American lands. During Thomas Jefferson s reign as president stabilized and the land acquired helped start an economic revolution. The federal government was remarkably small from 1789 to 1800, and there were only three employees, plus some representatives in London, Paris, Madrid and Lisbon. The treasury had a total of 75 employees. The secretary of war had two clerks and a messenger in the War Department. There were seventy-five offices located in the Post Office. There were twenty-six senators and sixty-four representatives in the nation s Legislative branch (Boundless. 2016) A small federal government in that era was what the countryShow MoreRelatedThe Articles of Confederation and The Constitution1238 Words   |  5 Pagesgovernment has been defined by two very important documents. Reflecting on all governments of the past, they laid forth an impressive jumble of ideas that would lead the way to where we are today. These two documents are the Article of Confederation and the U.S Constitution. These two documents of precedent are both similar and unique, each with its own pros and cons, and neither bein g perfect. Both these documents addressed the prominent vital in national vs. state sovereignty, legislative selectionRead MoreThe Constitution And The Articles Of Confederation1373 Words   |  6 Pageswould enforce them? I will address some of the differences between the Constitution and The Articles of Confederation. The Articles of Confederation were designed and formed from the thirteen states that created a Confederation known as the â€Å"league of friendship†; their goal was to find solutions for problems; and one of the first attempts to create a system. The Articles of Confederation was our nation’s first constitution; during the last years of the Revolutionary war, the government had beenRead MoreThe Articles Of Confederation And The Constitution921 Words   |  4 PagesConstitution and Articles Analysis The Articles of Confederation and The Constitution were both written I believe to ensue peace in a new nation where great freedoms had just been betrothed upon. Both written within ten years of each other, the main point it was trying to get across was the idea of one nation. They were written by the same people who all in all had similar ideas. There are many differences as well. From the main one being sovereign states, to how many states must approve an amendmentRead MoreThe Articles Of Confederation And The Constitution891 Words   |  4 Pages Throughout American history, many Americans assume that too much power is given to one party or the other. The Article of confederation was important in the United States because it affected the way over government functions today. Specifically, under the Article of confederation, the United States was intended to be formed on a basis of Federalism. Within this structure of Federalism, states have their own rights and majority of power with its people. The federal government on the other hand,Read MoreThe Articles Of Confederation And The Constitution1130 Words   |  5 Pages After America won its independence from Great Britain in 1783, the Articles of Confederation were created to serve as the basis of American democracy. Years subsequent to the creation of the Articles of Confederation, delegates from all states, with the exception of Rhode Island, assembled in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to mend the weaknesses the Articles displayed throughout its practice. This meeting on Septe mber 17, 1787, resulted in the newly drafted terms for which the United States democracyRead MoreThe Articles Of Confederation And The Constitution1115 Words   |  5 PagesThe Articles of Confederation were the earliest constitution of the United States. After the United States became fully independent from Great Britain, following the Revolutionary War, the document was created to outline the functions and management of new nation. However, the document established a very weak central government, instead giving the power to the states. To correct the mistake, a new version of such a document was created: the Constitution, which is still in effect today. (Articles ofRead MoreThe Articles Of Confederation And The Constitution899 Words   |  4 PagesThe Constitution remains as relevant today as it did over two hundred years ago. Americans have lived their lives through the law of the Constitution of the United Staes of America for several years. The Constitution has kept our natio n together and has kept us strong. â€Å"The Constitution defines the United States of America. This greatest of American documents not only establishes our system of government; it limits the power of that government, specifying our irrevocable rights and privileges asRead MoreThe Articles Of Confederation And The Constitution2035 Words   |  9 Pagesmove forward and unite the thirteen states as a nation. It was then when Continental Congress met up in Pennsylvania and created a secured a document known as the Articles of Confederation. The Articles of Confederation was written on November 15, 1777, and ratified by all thirteen states on March 1, 1781. When the Articles of Confederation were written it had many goals in mind to set and preserve the country with all its freedoms, keeping America an independent nation. Since the states were comingRead MoreThe Constitution And The Articles Of Confederation953 Words   |  4 PagesThe first video â€Å"The Constitution Project† – creating a constitution of the founding fathers creating and signing the constitution. This is a large piece of history which because of them, the constitution and the articles of confederation are what make makes America what it is today, unified. The major learning theme of this video is to understanding what and how these states came together, taxation, laws, and the people behind it. George Was hington, Thomas Jefferson, and James Madison to name aRead MoreThe Articles Of Confederation And The Constitution1461 Words   |  6 PagesJesse Ghuman Jason Stratton US History B17 11/15/2015 The Articles of Confederation The first approved document of the United States was the Articles of Confederation. However, after a few years, the Bill of Rights replaced the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution. The Articles began the Constitution but the articles had contained a lot of weaknesses so they had to create a new document. Few of the Article of Confederation goals were to bring the states together and establish a strong The Articles Of Confederation And The Constitution After America won its independence from Great Britain in 1783, the Articles of Confederation were created to serve as the basis of American democracy. Years subsequent to the creation of the Articles of Confederation, delegates from all states, with the exception of Rhode Island, assembled in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to mend the weaknesses the Articles displayed throughout its practice. This meeting on September 17, 1787, resulted in the newly drafted terms for which the United States democracy would stand upon; the official document became known as the Constitution and has gone unchanged for over 228 years. Although the Constitution was drafted to replace the Articles of Confederation, both documents had proven to have similarities as†¦show more content†¦The people of each state had the ability to effect the legitimacy of law and authority if they felt it was morally wrong. The same enlightenment ideals carried over to the creation of the Constitution, however, state pow er became limited. The Constitution enhanced distant authority, giving the central government the power to rule the citizens of every state. The stronger centralized government over the people therefore led to the concept of federalism, which displayed other similarities and differences between the Articles and the Constitution. Federalism was the belief in giving power to two levels of government, state and national. After the Declaration of Independence in 1776, colonies became states in an attempt to attain the ideal of a geopolitical nation. A geopolitical nation consists of individual states equivalent to individual countries, and these countries ruled themselves, while also being united under the same national government. The structure of federalism was a continuation from the Articles to the Constitution in the belief that each state retained its own power. Each state had the power to overturn any national government authority, exhibit their own authority over their resident s, and have a ruling council of elected representatives. The departure, however, was in the limitations put on state power. The states were stripped of their power to overturn national taxation. The national government was

The Ethics of Creative Accounting free essay sample

Introduction: In the accounting world, the general rule is that accounts should give a true and fair view. Under local and international law, a professionally experienced accountant has a responsibility to meet the terms, a corporation has a legal responsibility to meet the terms, and auditors have a legal responsibility to give some species of judgment on compliance. Although the function of accounting principles and other rules, creative accounting has constantly played a part in the efforts made by a few companies to present their performance in a better light.Creative Accounting: Creative accounting, can be defined in a number of ways also called aggressive accounting, Creative accounting is a process whereby accountants use their knowledge of accounting rules to manipulate the figures reported in the accounts of a business. To investigate the ethical issues raised by creative accounting applies have been necessary by the financial analysts and investment advisers and the aim of company directors to present the business as having steady growth in income and profits. Reasons for Creative Accounting: Consideration of creative accounting have alert mainly on the impact on decision of investors in the stock market. Reasons for the directors of listed companies to seek to influence the accounts for following reasons: 1. Income smoothing: Companies generally prefer to report a steady trend of growth in Profit rather than to show volatile profits with a series of dramatic rises and falls.This is achieved by making unnecessarily high provisions for liabilities and against asset values in good years so that these provisions can be reduced, thereby improving reported profits, in bad years. 2. Company directors may keep an income-boosting accounting policy change in hand to distract attention from unwelcome news. 3. Creative accounting may help maintain or boost the share price both by reducing the apparent levels of borrowing, so making the company appear subject to less risk, and by creating the appearance of a good profit trend.Accounting Ethics: Ethics in the business background is essential to success, however some stipulate to the more deceitful approach of accomplishing their goals at any moral or ethical cost. When developing an accounting curriculum, it is solution to connect both students and professionals with situations that require ethical responses. It is sometimes not enough to rely on the if-then symbol of if you steal, you go to jail. Money is between the most tempting of desires, and those who work with it often possess such emotions.It is extremely difficult to draw an ethical line on creative accounting when the generally accepted accounting principles often allow multiple accounting methods that a company can choose from when calculating certain items. This is due to the m any types of businesses in the economy. With all of the different sizes and natures of transactions, it is extremely difficult for there to be just one accounting method for all companies to use, and therefore, multiple accounting methods exist for companies to choose from.For example, in the case of computing depreciation, managers and accountants have several methods from which they may choose. Some of these are straight-line, declining-balance, and double-declining-balance depreciation. Not only can the managers and accountants select any of the multiple depreciation methods when computing depreciation cost, but they can also pick one method for depreciating one thing, such as buildings, and another method for depreciating another thing, such as equipment.This depreciation example is just one of the many multiple accounting methods that a company can legally employ. Thus, companies will most likely, if not probably, use the accounting method that will give them their most preferred image. The ultimate argument: Propone nts of creative accounting argue that all the examples given are done in an ethical capacity. They claim that the FASB has set the generally accepted accounting principles to give managers and accountants various accounting methods from which they can select.When applying certain methods, the companies are going to choose the ones that make their financial statements better. This is the nature of business—to make the company succeed as well as possible. Creative accounting assists in this endeavor. On the other hand, opponents of creative accounting see it as â€Å"accounting manipulation†. The opponents believe that creative accounting is used when managers and accountants want to manipulate the financial statements to show a certain outcome.For instance, when managers want to portray better figures in certain accounts to stockholders, they will employ creative accounting techniques to get their desired results. In these cases, management is most likely not achieving a company’s ultimate goal of increasing stock value. In the short run, the company’s stock value might rise due to the numbers shown by the creative accounting, but in the long run, the creative accounting hurts the ultimate goal of increasing stock value because the company cannot employ the creative accounting techniques forever.Since the company cannot continually deceive stockholders with the figures derived by creative accounting, the reality of the situation must eventually be divulged. When this occurs, this hurts the value of the stock not only at the time, but also in the long run if the company does not go out of business. The accounting scandals of Enron, WorldCom, Tyco, Adelphia, and the like illustrate when creative accounting unquestionably becomes unethical and illegal. In these cases, creative accounting was taken to the extreme.The generation of auditors, accountants, and managers present in these companies at the time of their collapses did not respond correctly or quickly enough when confronted with ethical dilemma. In the case of Enron, management employed â€Å"aggressive accounting† where there was a total of almost $1 billion in accounting â€Å"errors† by the time the company collapsed. Opponents of creative accounting use this case as an example of why creative accounting should not be employed.